TinyOS's component library includes network protocols, distributed services, sensor drivers, and data acquisition tools. An open-source OS for the networked sensor regime.
TinyOS for Wireless Embedded Sensor Networks
TinyOS has been ported to over a dozen platforms and numerous sensor boards. A wide community uses it in simulation to develop and test various algorithms and protocols. - Official TinyOS Website
This is a nice OS for a Distributed Industrial Automation Implementation. Data Logging Systems. It is an open-source operating system designed for wireless embedded sensor networks on a BSD license.
eXtreme Scale Mote
Design of a Wireless Sensor Network Platform for Detecting Rare, Random, and Ephemeral Events

eXtreme Scale Mote
Design of a Wireless Sensor Network Platform for Detecting Rare, Random, and Ephemeral Events

The XSM platform integrates an Atmel ATmega128L microcontroller, a Chipcon CC1000 radio operating at 433MHz, a 4Mbit serial flash memory, infrared, magnetic, acoustic, photo and temperature sensors, weatherproof packaging, a bootloader, and a “Golden Image” program that incorporates system management, network programming, and low-power listening.....